For some people, physical activity is the only trigger necessary to cause an asthma episode. Exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) occurs when the airways in your chest become narrow and constricted within a few minutes after beginning exercise. The episode usually reaches its peak of severity about 5 to 10 minutes after starting exercise, and may continue for another 20 to 30 minutes. If left untreated, EIB can prevent you from participating in the activities you enjoy. While an episode may last only a few minutes, it is still a frightening experience and may cause you to put unnecessary limits on your activities.
Recognizing asthma symptoms
In an asthma episode, the airways in your lungs become swollen and inflamed, and the muscles surrounding them tighten, reducing the flow of air. Excess mucus is also produced, which can make breathing even more difficult. The signs of asthma include rapid and labored breathing, plus a whistling or wheezing sound with each breath. You may also experience a cough and a tight feeling in your chest.
Take action – and stay active
By working closely with your doctor and following your treatment plan, you can control your asthma and enjoy exercise and other activities without fear.
Steps for effective control
The goal of treatment for EIB is simple: to allow you to participate in physical activities with out experiencing symptoms. Together, you and your doctor can develop a plan to manage your condition and make this goal a reality.
Many people find that these strategies are part of a successful program:
- Activity diary Keep a record of all your regular activities and make a note of when you experience asthma symptoms. Also keep track of the steps you normally take for symptom relief. Review this diary with your doctor; it’s a very helpful way to track the effectiveness of your treatment program.
- Medication In asthma management, when you take your medicine can be as important as what medicines you take. Certain drugs are most effective at certain times, so ask your doctor about the best time to take your medication in relation to your exercise schedule.
- Activity Assessment Evaluate the kinds of activities you can do, and the length of time you are able to do them without symptoms. For example, can you swim 5 laps or 10? What distance can you walk comfortably? Can you go through a complete workout cycle? How long can you work out before needing to rest? Your doctor can help you increase your ability to participate in these activities, and can also help you find new ways to be active.
- PaceYourself It may help to do warm-up and cool-down exercises before and after an activity to help your body adjust to changes in breathing and temperature. Don’t push yourself; stop and rest, if necessary.
- Communicate Discuss your asthma with your family and friends. This will help them understand your condition and will enable them to think of activities you can enjoy together without increasing your risk of an asthma episode. In addition, good communication opens the way to understanding and support that can be of value as you work to make your asthma management plan a success.
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